Psychoactive Gummy

Ingredient

Psilocybin and psilocin

Published By Psychoactive Gummy
Three Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms with pale caps growing among dry straw, as identified by the photographer.
Photo: Robert van der Horst, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Resized and converted to WebP.
On the labelRarely named outright. Often implied by 'magic mushroom', 'microdose' or 'psychedelic blend'. Some labels say 'psilocybin-free'.
Also calledmagic mushroom, Psilocybe, 4-HO-DMT (psilocin)

What are they?

Psilocybin and psilocin are hallucinogenic compounds made by Psilocybe mushrooms (van Breemen et al., 2025). Psilocybin is converted in the body to psilocin, the active form. In a study of 12 healthy adults given oral psilocybin, no intact psilocybin was found in blood or urine, and psilocin had an elimination half-life of about 3 hours (Brown et al., 2017).

Both are Schedule I controlled substances under federal law (Michienzi et al., 2024).

What have tests of retail gummies found?

  • Labelled psilocybin, none found. A Portland gummy labelled 100 mg psilocybin per piece contained none. None of the 12 products in that study contained psilocybin (van Breemen et al., 2025).
  • Unlabelled psilocybin. A Virginia gummy sold as Amanita contained psilocybin and psilocin (Michienzi et al., 2024). A Portland gummy labelled psilocybin-free contained psilocybin (Correia et al., 2025).
  • Psilocin on its own. Three Portland products contained psilocin without psilocybin or its natural precursors (baeocystin, norbaeocystin). The authors say this suggests synthetic psilocin was added rather than mushroom (van Breemen et al., 2025). Psilocin was also found in two Diamond Shruumz gummies (Michienzi et al., 2024) and in some Diamond Shruumz products during the 2024 outbreak (Rumph et al., 2026).
  • Common in one city’s smoke shops. Seven of eight gummies from Portland smoke and vape shops contained psilocin (Correia et al., 2025).

Why it matters

When psilocin is found without the compounds mushrooms make alongside it, the product probably doesn’t contain mushroom at all (van Breemen et al., 2025). The label can’t tell you how much is in it, and it may be sold as something else entirely.

Sources

  1. van Breemen RB, Simchuk D, Fritzsche B, Huson D, Kuzdzal SA, Ferguson J. Active Constituents of Psilocybin Mushroom Edibles. JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(9):e2531345. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.31345
    Laboratory analysis of retail products (case series) · Checked against: full-text (PMC12426793) · Retrieved October 23, 2026

    Tested 12 'magic mushroom' edibles (11 gummies, 1 chocolate) bought at retail shops in Portland, Oregon. None contained psilocybin. Eight contained active ingredients not disclosed on the label: psilocin (3), synthetic tryptamines mipracetin and 4-HO-DET (2), caffeine (1), kava extract (1) and cannabis extract including Δ9-THC (1). Four had no active ingredient detected. Muscimol and muscarine, listed on one label, were not detected in any product.

    Limits: 12 products from one city; products are anonymised; open-access research letter (CC BY 4.0).

  2. Brown RT, Nicholas CR, Cozzi NV, Gassman MC, Cooper KM, Muller D, et al.. Pharmacokinetics of Escalating Doses of Oral Psilocybin in Healthy Adults. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2017;56(12):1543-1554. doi:10.1007/s40262-017-0540-6
    Human pharmacokinetic study (open-label, n=12) · Checked against: abstract · Retrieved October 23, 2026

    In 12 healthy adults given oral psilocybin, no intact psilocybin was found in plasma or urine; the active metabolite psilocin had an elimination half-life of about 3 hours, and less than 2% was cleared unchanged by the kidneys.

    Limits: Small sample; controlled clinical setting with pure psilocybin, not retail products.

  3. Michienzi A, Hamlin J, Farah R, Bazydlo L. Notes from the Field: Schedule I Substances Identified in Nootropic Gummies Containing Amanita muscaria or Other Mushrooms - Charlottesville, Virginia, 2023-2024. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024;73(28):628-630. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7328a3
    Public health surveillance report with laboratory analysis · Checked against: full-text (PMC11262824) · Retrieved October 23, 2026

    Blue Ridge Poison Center (Virginia) managed five people evaluated after eating gummies labelled as containing Amanita muscaria (Sept 2023–June 2024), including a 3-year-old who was hospitalised. Investigators bought six packages of five brands from gas stations and smoke shops; four of six contained unlabelled psilocybin or psilocin, with caffeine, ephedrine, mitragynine (kratom) and DMT among other unlabelled findings.

    Limits: Six packages, one region, qualitative screen; the instrument could not test for muscimol, ibotenic acid or muscarine, so their presence was undetermined. Public domain (MMWR).

  4. Correia MS, Gonzaga MJ, Temple C, Gerona RR. Quantitative analysis of recreational psychoactive mushroom gummies in Portland, Oregon. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2025;63(4):261-266. doi:10.1080/15563650.2025.2450240
    Laboratory analysis of retail products · Checked against: abstract · Retrieved October 23, 2026

    Eight gummy products from seven Portland, Oregon smoke and vape shops, analysed by LC-QTOF-MS. Neither ibotenic acid nor muscimol was found in the two products claiming Amanita muscaria; seven of eight contained psilocin and six contained 4-AcO-DMT. One product labelled psilocybin-free tested positive for psilocybin; one 'nootropic' product contained undisclosed Δ9-THC; kavalactones were also detected.

    Limits: Abstract only (full text not accessed); eight products from one city; brands not named in the abstract.

  5. Rumph JT, Winquist A, Troeschel AN, Pulver S, Schnall AH, Ebersole J, et al.. Severe Illness Associated with Eating Mushroom-Containing Chocolate Products - United States, January-October 2024. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2026;75(13):179-184. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7513a2
    Outbreak investigation (CDC/FDA) · Checked against: abstract · Retrieved October 23, 2026

    CDC/FDA investigation of poisonings linked to Diamond Shruumz microdosing chocolate and other mushroom-containing chocolate products, January–October 2024: 180 cases in 34 states, 73 hospitalised, 38 admitted to intensive care, 29 intubated, 2 deaths. Testing of some Diamond Shruumz products found muscimol, psilocin, kavalactones and other substances in some but not all products.

    Limits: Abstract only; case definition based on poison-centre reports; counts differ slightly from earlier FDA/press figures (which cited 3 potentially associated deaths).

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